Mathematics

Basic Analysis: Introduction to Real Analysis

Jiří Lebl

An open route from calculus to rigorous real analysis, with proofs and exercises in two coordinated volumes for undergraduate study.

Prerequisites

Calculus and an introduction to proof writing, sets and functions. Linear algebra becomes important for the later multivariable material; practise quantified statements before starting the limit proofs.

Edition
6
Difficulty Level
Beginner
Academic Level
Undergraduate
real analysisproofscalculus foundations

01 / Reading Guide

Reading Guide

Real analysis: make the quantifiers do the work

Compare three analysis texts, build epsilon proofs and test uniform convergence with original examples whose peaks move as the index grows.

Study route and exercise: University Reading List editorial project.

Who this book is for

For undergraduate students taking a first rigorous analysis course who want to rebuild familiar calculus results from precise definitions. The first volume offers a real-line foundation, while the second continues into more advanced material. The two are presented as one coordinated work, allowing a reader to follow an extended sequence without treating the later volume as a prerequisite for beginning.

Prerequisites

Calculus and an introduction to proof writing, sets and functions. Linear algebra becomes important for the later multivariable material; practise quantified statements before starting the limit proofs.

What it covers

Sequences, continuity, derivatives and integration build the foundation for later topics. The progression makes the role of completeness and convergence visible rather than relying only on geometric intuition. Exercises are central because understanding a proof requires constructing an argument as well as recognizing it on the page.

How to use it

Rewrite a definition using its quantifiers before attempting an exercise. Produce an example and a counterexample whenever a hypothesis is introduced. For an epsilon argument, first find the estimate informally, then write the formal choices in the required order. Compare pointwise and uniform claims on the same family of functions, and identify exactly where a proof needs the stronger condition.

Edition and reading route

The author’s official edition provides volume I and II plus a combined web version. In the sixth major edition, both current volumes are version 6.3, dated 15 May 2026. Begin with the real-line material in volume I; the later multivariable volume is not a prerequisite for starting. A basic proof course is expected. The author intentionally provides no exercise solutions manual: prepare a way to check quantifiers, inequalities and each implication, and arrange feedback for proofs you cannot resolve. The text offers either CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 or CC BY-SA 4.0 terms; separate print-volume ISBNs identify different physical volumes.

Open the official resource